Saturday 20 November 2010

Society launches campaign to fight legal aid cuts

Society launches campaign to fight legal aid cuts

In an attempt to improve the economy, the Coalition government has once again introduced 'cuts' and this time it is for legal aid. As you may all know already, legal aid essentially provides financial assistanace for people who cannot afford legal representation. Not only is it worrying that cuts are being introduced in so many sectors and departments of the economy, but these cuts are being done to the detriment of the less privileged people in society. In my opinion, this clearly demonstrates how much the less fortunate people of this country suffer and will continue to suffer under the current government. Times are very hard.

The new proposed cuts will also bring revised requirements for those who can qualify for such a right. However, Chancery Lane has warned, it would only mean that the most unprivileged would benefit.

The proposed cuts will also have a negative impact on the judicial system as a whole since as many as 550,000 cases would be lost due to a lack of funding and even more disturbing, is the fact that lawyer's fees would reduce by 10%.

Clearly, action needs to be taken and the Law Society should be applauded for taking such a proactive approach in trying to rectify the situation. In tackling the issue both at a community as well as national level (especially as a campaign will be run for Parliament) there is no doubt that their voices will be heard. We can only hope that this would be enough for the Coalition government to have a change of heart. Ultimately, we can only imagine that it is an inevitability that the government would seek to introduce cuts elsewhere in the legal environment. The question is, where next?

For more information please log onto;

http://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/society-launches-campaign-fight-legal-aid-cuts

Thursday 18 November 2010

Inequality in the legal environment of England and Wales

One of the beauties of becoming a Barrister or lawyer is the fact that you have a whole wealth of knowledge at your finger tips which ordinary lay men would not have. This inevitably puts someone in a position of power. As we have progressed swiftly into the 21st century, sex discrimination at work has become something of a myth. Unfortunately, I am saddened to admit that this does not seem to be the case in the legal environment of England and Wales. http://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/research-reveals-diversity-concerns

In three reports published by the Law Society this week, it was concluded that female lawyers working in the legal field in England and Wales are facing numerous challenges. Even more worrying is the fact that such difficulties are being faced by females from ethnic minority backgrounds as well as homosexual males and females.

In order to establish why there is a problem in the first place, it is vital that one analyses the source of it. It has been alleged from one of the research papers that one of the key reasons why female lawyers face difficulties in the work place is due to the working environment of law firms. In essence, law firms are dominated by males who have an unfavourable business culture which renders women laywers to feel inferior. This is best illustrated by the fact that female lawyers are unable to work long hours due to family commitments. As women are often fairly new and in the minority in these firms, there is only so much they can to express their discontentment. After all, if a law firm has a particular work ethic which has been in place for generations, who are you as a 'newbie' to question this? Especially as a woman. This you may think, is a violation of EU sex discrimination law and this is correct. Even more worrying, it is a violation of the Human Rights Act 1998 but why is nothing being done about this?

Therefore, it is clear that discrimination exists in the legal environment of this country. Discrimination takes place in many forms; direct and indirect. The Law Gazette stresses that direct discrimination seems to be more of a problem for women since they are often ridiculed or called names if they try to embrace male behaviour rather than a more docile approach in their work. How can the Law Society allow this?

Unfortunately the problem does not end here. Another research by the Law Society revealed that women of minority backgrounds are forced to take cases that were poorly paid (for example, legal aid and immigration).  However, white females were taking higher paid cases in the commercial field.  This is, clearly, racism at it's best.

With regards to homosexuals, the problem is not as adverse as it is for women of ethnic minorities. Although some relatively older firms have embraced gays and lesbians in their workforce, this does not mean that they are not discriminated against. Clients of such reputable firms are investing a lot of money in order to get the highest standard of service and with that, they have the discretion to refuse a gay or a lesbian working on their case. As unfair as it may seem, I cannot help but wonder whether such a behaviour is more acceptable just because such clients are 'indespensible' to such legal firms. So, my thought is, where does one draw line between acceptable discrimination or unacceptable discrimination? Is there such a thing? Does money really dictate this and if so, is the power of money and status more than that of the law? Clearly, according to s.1 of Race Relations Act 1976,  ss 4, 6 and 10 of the  Employment (Sex Discrimination)  Act 2000 and Article 141 EC, the disadvantaged women have a right to seek legal action. However, will they go through such lengths to fight the 'unfair' system in placeand put their careers and reputation in jeopardy or just accept it? Ultimately, the fact that the Law Society has recognised that such problems exist we can rest assured that something will be done to improve the situation. However, despite the laws that are already in place to prevent such problems from arising I am somewhat apprehensive on what the Law Society will propose to do to eliminate discrimination in the legal world. If you think of it, if the existing laws were effective, such issues would not be a challenge for women and homosexuals in the legal world. Time will tell.


For more information please log onto;



http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/areas/industrialrelations/dictionary/definitions/discriminationonthegroundsofsexualorientation.htm

http://www.thompsons.law.co.uk/ltext/l0850001.htm

Tuesday 16 November 2010

The complexities of Seychelles' legal environment

Generally, it is easy to determine what kind of legal system a country has. For example, most Commonwealth countries follow the common law system of England and Wales while others for example French tend to follow a civil law system.

However, regarding my home country, the Seychelles, the legal system has proven to be quite different. The Seychelles is one of the unique island states that employs a mixture of both common and civil law jurisdiction. Interestingly enough, this is so because the Seychelles was firstly a colony of France and later became a state under English rule. The sources of the law is therefore quite diverse. Firstly, there is the French Napoleanic Code in which the Civil Code was derived then there is common law which only seems to be applicable to criminal law. Even though the most powerful source of law in the Seychelles is through a body called the National Assembly, domestic case law can be used as precedent.

Clearly, with such a complex legal structure, it can be argued that there are many issues that have arisen in the past. For example, the fact that most Barristers or Attorney at Law (as we call them in the Seychelles) can qualify to practice law once they have a law degree and sat the BPTC exam in England and Wales, France or neighbouring Mauritius. However, this does not apply to other countries. Therefore, one is limited in terms of choice.

Personally, I am of the belief that perhaps it is of an advantage to Seychelles as lawyers who have practised in the aforementioned countries have a higher standing in society and have proved to be sharp minded individuals oozing in confidence with their exceptional advocacy skills. Hence, even with the critics that may exist, limiting places of study essentially works in favour of maintaining excellence in the judiciary. The same may be argued for the Courts but there is undoubtedly a need for new lawyers. Hopefully,Seychelles will see a surge of 'new blood' in the juduciary soon.

Monday 15 November 2010

Facebook and Intellectual Property Rights

Facebook is a social networking site that is well known to almost everyone in the world. Not so long ago, I took the liberty of going to watch the 'Social Network' movie. I must say, it was one of the most entertaining and educational movies I have ever seen. Not only was the movie based on the drama surrounding the birth of the amazing phenomenon we all (well most of us) affiliate ourselves with, but it was full of litigation. I apologise for ruining the movie for those who have not watched it as of yet, but I do urge all of you to watch it. It is very relevant for all us LLM students especially those enrolled onto the Intellectual Property Rights module. There were several cases surrounding Mark Zuckberg (creator of facebook) but the most striking would be the Intellectual Property Rights case. I can safely say that after the second week onto Block two and studying Intellectual Property Rights, the movie has made copyright infringement so much clearer to me. I hope it does the same for you all.

Thursday 11 November 2010

Violence could have been avoided....

In view of yesterday's blog, I would like to continue today on stating that violence surrounding the protests
in London could have been avoided. Apparently, at least a month ago, facebook groups were set up by anarchists discussing the need to use violence at the SU protests. If you consider the power of facebook as a tool of communication, it is clear that such information was probably known to many people including those in the Police force, MI5 and the like. So, my question is, why were the police officers not better equipped or prepared to face the violent protestors yesterday? Why did they act passive? Does it make sense that the police force have to make such a (I dare say) lame excuse (the whole G20 summit issue) for not having done anything to limit the actions of the violent protestors? Of course not. Even if the protestors were just 'kids' they are young adults and understand completely the risks that come with public protests. A young adult benefiting from various rights such as ; the right to vote and the right to freedom of speach bears responsibilities as well.

I am of the opinion that the police should have acknowledged their mistake stating they should have been more proactive and perhaps, been more organised tackling the incident.  After all, I would imagine this is a matter of national security and MI5 or CID should at least be monitoring all facebook forums for any potential unrest, right? I the matter was not taken as seriously as it shold have been...

For more info please log onto;

http://news.sky.com/skynews/Home/UK-News/Student-Protest-Violence-Discussed-On-Internet-Ahead-Of-London-Riots-Sky-News-Discovers/Article/201011215800468?lpos=UK_News_Carousel_Region_0&lid=ARTICLE_15800468_Student_Protest_Violence_Discussed_On_Internet_Ahead_Of_London_Riots%2C_Sky_News_Discovers

Wednesday 10 November 2010

Is violence the ONLY way forward?

Today's breaking news on Sky, 'Hijackers Undermined Student Fee Demo'. A historical moment for the country, up to 50,000 students marched to London near the MI5 building and all hell broke loose at the Tory Headquaters as the place was attacked in protest of the rising university fees.*_http://news.sky.com/skynews/Home/UK-News/Thousands-Of-Students-Protest-In-London-Against-Tuition-Fees-And-Smash-Windows-And-Start-Fires/Article/201011215798223?lpos=UK_News_Carousel_Region_0&lid=ARTICLE_15798223_Thousands_Of_Students_Protest_In_London_Against_Tuition_Fees_And_Smash_Windows_And_Start_Fires_

The protests were initially meant to be peaceful but it has been reported that some extremists or anachists got wind of the whole incident and turned it into a violent display of anger. The situation got so out of hand that  a fire extinguisher as well as missiles were said to have been thrown on top of the Milliband building. According to the Guardian, over 14 people were hospitalised and 35 were arrested. *http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2010/nov/10/student-fees-protest-conservative-hq

The President of the NUS has publicly disapproved of the way the protest turned out. In my opinion this was a good move on his part despite the fact that he was in charge of the whole protest. Therefore, blame automatically shifts onto him. However, one cannot help but wonder, surely violence must have been of reasonable foresight. For example, if you consider what happened earlier this month, when students of London School of Economics protested against Chris Huhne's (Energy Secretary) visit there, it is clear that violence would be an inevitability. *http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-11675502

So why were no extra precautions taken for this? Even more worrying, does the fact that Nick Clegg is being challenged during the PMQ's this week undermine the whole essence of his party? http://news.sky.com/skynews/Home/Politics/Deputy-Prime-Minister-Nick-Clegg-Under-Fire-In-PMQs-Over-Liberal-Democrat-U-Turn-On-Student-Fees/Article/201011215799277?lpos=Politics_Carousel_Region_1&lid=ARTICLE_15799277_Deputy_Prime_Minister_Nick_Clegg_Under_Fire_In_PMQs_Over_Liberal_Democrat_U-Turn_On_Student_Fees

False promises made for votes? Another thought, was it only too convenient that the protests took place at at time when the PM himself was away on work mission in China?

 As an International student, having studied in this country for 5 years, I can now say that now all the home students realise how much money myself and every other international student has to pay in order to acquire a decent qualification to our name. Have we ever complained? Sure we have. Has anybody listened? Of course not. If anybody did listen, the fees we are paying every year would not be increasing by a £1000 would they? Sure this is unfair for us and more so for home students but was violence really necessary today?

My thought is perhaps violence was the only way, (but not the most ethical)  for students' to have their voices heard. I imagine there will be more violence on its way unless the coalition government can scrap this proposal altogether otherwise a catastrophe is sure to follow. Hopefully the coalition government can take this as a real eye opener (especially the Lib Dems) and ensure they keep to their promises after elections. Ultimately one thing is for sure, in today's world, the only way one can get their voices heard is through violence. Sad and yet true. Who would have thought, a 1st World country like Great Britain had to resort to such uncivilised acts in the name of change?

For further information you may also wish to log onto;
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-11677862

Tuesday 9 November 2010

Why is becoming a Barrister so difficult?

I have recently noticed there are many students working on Inns of Court and BPTC applications. After speaking to a few of them, it suddenly dawned on me how much preparation has to go into these applications. So, my question is, does the Bar Standards Board (BSB) aim to discourage prospective Barristers to achieve their dreams with all the paper work involved? Perhaps, as an optimist, I should think not. However, recent developments has made me question their intentions.

According to the BSB, after a pilot aptitude test was carried earlier this year, it has been decided that such a test is to become mandatory on all prospective applicants to the BPTC programme. This became evident because of the Wood Report of 2008. This brought to light several issues such as; the lack of pupillages available for existing Barristers as well as potential ones, a rise in the pass marks, re-naming the course to what it is today (BPTC) and  language proficiency.

Despite criticisms by the Office of Fair Trade that it is not competive at all,  it could potentially be working in favour of students. This is because it will provide a sufficient means of regulating the number of intakes on the BPTC programme and in doing so, ensuring that they are of the right 'calibre' to enroll on the course and pass the first time. If you think about it, an international student like myself is paying thousands of pounds to be able to get the ESQ title like anyone else, so why make all that hard earned money go to waste? We all want value for our money and what better way to do this by introducing an aptitude test. My only thought is that hopefully, if one were to fail and give up on the BPTC programme, a money back guarantee would be a way to seek recourse.

On the other hand, it may be argued that an aptitude test for the BPTC may not be advantageous after all. For one, it would possibly act as a means of discouraging prospective BPTC students who are not from an English speaking background. The fear of failure is only too much to bear.
Secondly, the proposed aptitude test has 2 elements to it; to test analytical and critical reasoning and English. The Wood Report suggested this should be carried  out in a form multiple choice. After years of schooling, I am of the view that multiple choice exams are not exactly the best means of testing someone's knowledge. In fact, it would probably help the struggling potential BPTC candidates pass on a lucky streak. Therefore, when they move further onto the course, they will be struggling and probably tend to drag their classes behind.  Thirdly, the fact that the test has been proposed to be available only twice a year online is a further detriment as access is limited. However, having said this, the fact that prospective BPTC students can have as many re-takes as possible to the aptitude test makes it less of an issue. This will obviously seperate the true and determined barristers from those that do not want to embark on that path. Therefore, if anything, it would help candidates decide whether they really want to persue a career in law or not.

To conclude, I would say that I am not necessarily in support of the idea of having an aptitude test for the BPTC because it could potentially go against you if you were to fail a few times then successfully enrol on the course. I may be wrong but I am of the view that certain institutions may hold it against a student for failing and therefore, not give them the necessary attention they need and instead focus on the more intellectually sound students. This is what has been happening in the past and I am sure the aptitude test will make matters worse in this respect. Ultimately, the fact that applications are so tedious to get completed would also suggest that a further pre-requisite to the BPTC would mean that more money would be spent in addition to the tuition fees one would pay for the programme. Hence, is the BSB making students' lives difficult in introducing all these costly applications and aptitude tests? Is it all worth it? Could we be sure that after the aptitude test we would pass the BPTC course the first time? Nothing is for certain but one thing is for sure; the road to becoming a Barrister is long, challenging one, filled with blood, sweat and tears. Are you ready for it?

For more info please log onto:

http://www.thelawyer.com/bptc-pilot-test-to-be-made-compulsory/1005439.article

http://www.barstandardsboard.org.uk/assets/documents/BVC%20Report%20with%20annexes.pdf

http://l2b.thelawyer.com/law-soc-calls-for-lpc-entrance-test/1005503.article